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TheSentinel
Heise Online, Weekly News reports about a granted XML-patent for Microsoft:

QUOTE
07.08.2009 12:21

XML Patent for Microsoft

The core of US Patent 7,571,169 which Microsoft was granted on August 4th refers to – "A word-processing document stored in a single XML file that may be manipulated by applications that understand XML".

A well-formed XML file must fully represent and reflect all of the formatting options supported and when saving in XML format, these formatting options must not be lost. In Microsoft's method XML files would be accompanied by a single published XSD schema file which defined the XML dialect used. Currently both OOXML and ODF are using several XML files when storing documents, compressed in a ZIP archive for easier management.

More to read:
http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/143202
Chachazz
XML is a fee-free open standard

"How in the world was it granted in light of the 40-year history of document markup languages?" Slashdot..
SGML, the international standard for marking up data, has been used since the 80s.
History of XML

What is XML?
XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a general-purpose specification for creating custom markup languages.[1] The term extensible is used to indicate that a markup-language designer has significant freedom in the choice of markup elements.[2]


XML was developed by an XML Working Group (originally known as the SGML Editorial Review Board) formed under the auspices of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1996. It was chaired by Jon Bosak of Sun Microsystems with the active participation of an XML Special Interest Group (previously known as the SGML Working Group) also organized by the W3C. The membership of the XML Working Group is given in an appendix. Dan Connolly served as the WG's contact with the W3C.

This specification, together with associated standards (Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 for characters, Internet RFC 1766 for language identification tags, ISO 639 for language name codes, and ISO 3166 for country name codes), provides all the information necessary to understand XML Version 1.0 and construct computer programs to process it.

Extensible Markup Language (XML)
http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#sec-intro
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